Oral Presentation

Title : Design and Development of Environmental Systems Analysis, Design, Optimization and Modeling for Sustainable Chemistry and Chemical Engineering

Vijayan Gurumurthy Iyer, Bihar Institute of Public Administration & Rural Development, India

In this study and check, the abstract topic entitled “Design and Development of Environmental Systems Analysis, Design, Optimization and Modeling for Sustainable Chemistry and Chemical Engineering” is presented. “Sustainable chemistry and chemical engineering development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability and efficiency of future generations to meet their own needs." Low carbon and energy efficient technology for the construction industries can make contributions to mitigating impacts of economic growth on global warming and greenhouse gas missional impact assessment (GHGIA) process. (Figure-1). The resultant output of sustainable chemistry and chemical engineering products and services which are environmental advantages with good performance and cheaper prices. The goals of sustainable chemistry and chemical engineering design are the waste prevention and better material management as per depicted Figure 1. Design and construction of green buildings that has considerably reduced the environmental impacts associated with manufacturing, use and disposal. Prior to the enactment of National Environmental Policy Act on Environment in 1970 in the USA, only technical or engineering and economic factors dominant in planning and decision-making process in most of the world projects, plans, programs, permits, policies and legislative actions. As per the present research results that project planning and decision-making process must include the integrated considerations of engineering or technical, economic, environmental, safety, ethical, social and sustainability factors. This important consideration can be referred to as “Concept of the Four Es and 1 S” in organizational planning and decision- making process. The organizational Lifecyle assessment (LCA) is depicted to solve chemistry and chemical engineering problems such as global warming, acid rain, environmental pollution and greenhouse gas impact. Hybrid lifecycle analysis (LCA) is integrated in this research. Sustainable chemical Engineering lifecycle analysis (LCA) process is used for identifying and measuring the impact of industrial products on the environment by means of mass and energy balance methods. LCA process considers the activities related to extraction of raw materials, ancillary materials, equipment production, use, disposal and ancillary equipment. In the present study about two third of waste was recoverable due to the conduction intensive on-site training programs on recycling and composting processes. The conventional recycling management practices that could able to recover the waste of only 10 to 15% for example airport municipal solid waste (MSW). Similar to this case study, source specific, industrial and generic types of waste resources can be recovered and conserved (Figure 3). Construction wastes are produced by construction sector. The study and check have been attempted to identify and evaluate waste minimization hierarchy of solid and hazardous waste management for properly managing construction waste including minimizing generation and treatment that have been generated, and disposing of waste residuals. A case study has been included on generation of solid and hazardous wastes and potential waste management strategies for a group or generic construction processes. All processes generate wastes in the form of liquids, solids or gases. Some wastes are considered as hazardous. The waste minimization hierarchy of waste management is duly ranked from most desirable to least desirable (Figure-3) . 1. Eliminating waste generation –Most desirable, 2. Reducing waste generation- Most desirable, 3. Reuse, recover or recycle waste materials- Most desirable, 4. Treating waste to diminish quantity and to detoxify the hazardous and non-hazardous solid wastes --Least desirable, 5. Disposing of waste residuals- Least desirable. Waste minimization include only elimination, recovery, reduce, reuse and recycle hierarchies. Waste minimization does not include treatment of wastes as well disposal that is point number 4 and point number 5 because, these are traditional waste control strategies involves treatment and disposal which are called end-of-the pipe solutions and are costly affairs as well as involve control of high discharge standards. Modern waste control strategies involve point number 1, point number 2 and point number 3 which are not requiring end-of-the pipe solution for the waste management problems. Solid and hazardous waste generation is the sum of material recovery and discards. Report on waste audit conducted for a construction industry is presented for recovering two-third of municipal solid wastes (MSW) by recycling and composting processes (Figures- 4 and 5 for sustainable chemistry and chemical engineering development.


Oral Presentation

Title : The influencing factors and improvement strategies of professional identity among nursing undergraduates: from the perspective of professional social practice teaching

Haiyue You, School of Nursing Fudan University, China

Background: The shortage of nurses is becoming a global challenge. In China, undergraduate education is an essential part of nursing education. However, the low professional identity and high turnover rate within the first five years after graduation among nursing undergraduates are widespread issues. How to retain talents and stabilize the nursing teams has become an urgent problem that nursing educators have to consider. Objective: To understand the current status and influencing factors of professional identity among lower-grade nursing undergraduates, and to evaluate the effectiveness of professional social practice in enhancing the professional identity of undergraduates. Design: This study used a mixed-methods design. Setting: A school of nursing in mainland China. Participants: The second-year undergraduate nursing students (n = 74). Methods: A mixed-methods study was conducted from September to December 2023. The quantitative part included a quasi-experimental study designed with pre- and post-intervention measurements, and the qualitative part included a descriptive qualitative study with semi-structured group interviews. Results: Quantitative data showed that after the course, the professional identity of nursing undergraduates who participated in the course (n=40) improved significantly (P<0.05), while that of those who did not participate in the course (n=34) did not change significantly (P>0.05). Qualitative analysis yielded three categories: the category of “Factors influencing nursing professional identity” included 3 themes (Personal or family factors; Educational factors; Social factors), the category of “The positive role of professional social practice in enhancing professional identity” included 4 themes (Improved career awareness; Increased interest; Broadened professional horizons; Transformed professional attitude), and the category of “Career expectations” included 4 themes (Personal value; Salary package; Career security; Social recognition). Conclusion: The professional identity of nursing undergraduates is greatly influenced by external factors such as education and society. Professional social practice teaching has a positive impact on the formation of professional identity among nursing undergraduates. We recommend strengthening the collaboration between schools and practical places such as hospitals, communities, and welfare institutions to provide nursing undergraduates with more practical opportunities, enabling them to deeply understand how their personal values are embodied in clinical nursing. At the same time, efforts should be made to enhance the development of the discipline and improve the social recognition of the nursing profession and the social status of nurses, thereby attracting and retaining more outstanding nursing talents. Keywords: Undergraduate nursing education; Professional identity; Professional social practice; Mixed-methods


Oral Presentation

Title : Construction of the Theoretical Framework for Dynamic Adjustment of Maternal Fear of Childbirth Based on Grounded Theory

SHU Chen, School of Nursing Fudan University, China

Fear of childbirth (FOC) is a significant concern affecting many pregnant women, influencing their overall well-being and childbirth experience. This presentation outlines the construction of a theoretical framework for the dynamic adjustment of maternal fear of childbirth, grounded in empirical data collected through semi-structured in-depth interviews with 35 pregnant women. Using the grounded theory paradigm, the study identified and analyzed key factors contributing to FOC and the mechanisms through which pregnant women adjust their fears. The framework encompasses three primary cause elements-psychological factors, physiological factors, and social factors and three adjustment motivations: antecedent stimulation, risk perception, and the satisfaction of needs. Additionally, it highlights three dynamic adjustment strategies: cognitive restructuring, belief enhancement, and adaptive behavior, culminating in the adjustment result of control. The findings provide a comprehensive understanding of how pregnant women can dynamically adjust their fears, offering valuable insights for obstetric medical staff to support and empower women through their childbirth journey. The framework aims to improve pregnant women's happiness and satisfaction by fostering early identification of FOC and implementing effective adjustment strategies.